Oil and Gas
Oil and Gas | Production Engineering
Well Integrity Cement Evaluation
Format and Duration:
0 days
3 sessions
The evaluation of cement bonding and zonal isolation is a challenge that the oil and gas industry face as wells are drilled deeper and within more hostile environments. This seminar will cover the use of both sonic and ultrasonic tools to determine the presence or lack of a cement sheath. The quality of the cement sheath is not only important for completion efforts but may also be needed to satisfy regulatory requirements. The cement Basic tool theory, quality control, interpretation of field logs, and methods of evaluating both complex cements and difficult environments will be covered. Both new and well abandonments cement examples will be examined and evaluated.
Business Impact: The understanding of cement bond logs and their use will allow operators to maximize the economic life of the well from the initial completion to abandonment. The correct evaluation of the cement sheath will provide confidence in the environmental and safety of the wellbore for the desired completions.
Schedule
Duration and Training Method
This is a classroom or virtual course comprising a mixture of lectures, discussions, case studies, and workshop exercises.
Course Overview
Learning Outcomes
Participants will learn to:
- Evaluate and QC of standard cement bond log; radial and segmented cement bond log and ultrasonic and rotating bond logs.
- Examine cement evaluation logs to determine TOC and channels.
- Determine complex completions and cements using computer programs or processes.
- Distinguish common pratfalls in cement evaluation.
Course Content
Part 1: Tools Covered
- Sonic
- Cement Bond Log (CBL)
- Radial Bond Log (RBL)
- Segmented Bond log (SBL)
- Ultrasonic
- Scanning Ultrasonic (USIT, CAST-V)
- Newest Generation Ultrasonic (ISOLATION SCANNER.CAST-I)
Part 2: Standard cement evaluation for the covered tools
- Calibrations
- Quality Control
- Interpretation of field logs
Part 3: Environmental effects on logs responses for the covered tools
- Thin cement sheaths
- Third interface echo
- Microannulus
- Borehole shape
- Fast formations
- Cement curing time
Part 4: Advanced cement evaluation
- Derivative analysis
- Raw Data
- Composite
Part 5: Advanced Waveform Analysis
- CBL
- Multiple waveforms
- Radial
- LWD
Part 6: Interpretation of supplied logs
Part 7: Sophisticated analysis
- Well abandonment
- Multistring
- Shale barrier
The specific subjects below could be incorporated as part of the workshop
Understanding the Isolation Scanner tool, sensors and output signals ("ABC for dummies")
- Isolation Scanner tool technicalities & specs (show some pictures and sketches)
- Generic understanding of how the IS ultrasonic and acoustic sonic tools work, and outputs signals/units
- AI vs FA
- VDL vs CBL
- Third Interface Echo
- CCL
- Measurement units of output signals
- Resolution of tools/outputs
- Cement Bond Log
- Bond Index (Techlog)
- Solid-Liquid Gas Map (Techlog)
- Annular Content (Techlog)
Log quality control
- Tool calibration (including output value sensitivity)
- Free Pipe calibration (including input parameters needed for correct log output)
- How, where and what? Execution of the free pipe calibration?
Log interpretation with practical examples
- Cement vs formation vs liquids (annulus content)
- Mix of cement and formation vs clean cement (including definition of TOC)
- Thresholds for a hydraulic sealing cement and/or formation barrier.
- Do industry standards exist and are they defined worldwide
- Defining "High", "Moderate to High", "Moderate" and "Low" quality bond.
- Definitions are based on what? Does any standards exist or papers or documentation best practice/cut-offs to use for (CBL, AI, FLEXATTN? and combinations thereof?)
- Effects and examples of:
- Eccentricity
- casing wear / poor quality casing
- Connections
- Annulus fluid type
- Deviation
- Pressures inside casing
- Logging annulus between casings (higher uncertainty?)
- How to use the "Third interphase Echo" in the interpretation
- Show examples of deformed and poor quality casing e.g. ovality, holes
- The most trustable output parameters (ranking; example AI vs VDL etc)?
Practical understanding
- What defines the logging speed?
- What will be the tripping speed if not logging?
- Risk involved attempting logging if the casing is "tight" or partly "tight"?
- Intro to other available CBL/IS/Cased hole logging analysis software?
Student Presentations
- Discussion and solution of their own “problem” log
Instructors
Gary Frisch
Background
Gary Frisch has over 34 years of experience in creating, developing, interpretation of petrophysical data concentrating in the cased hole environment. He began as an open hole field engineer with Halliburton Logging Services in Farmington New Mexico. He was transferred to Houston to work in Interpretation and Development in November 1990. He worked on thin bed interpretation but soon migrated to the cased hole environment where he designed and wrote the production logging software including multiprobe array tools. He then developed leading edge computer programs for cement evaluation for multiple type of measurements including sonic, ultrasonic and attenuation that provides interpretation of any cement evaluation tool currently in use throughout the industry. Authored more than 25 technical papers on both cased and open hole log interpretation, holds 15 U.S. patents along with several international patents. Member of Society of Petro physicists and Well Log Analysts (SPWLA) and the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE).
Some of the various highlights include being responsible for the interpretation of the cement and casing evaluation for the Macondo relief wells DD1 and DD3 using data from both Halliburton and Schlumberger. Combined multiple open hole and cased sensors to generate a new evaluation method for well abandonment. Technique has been used successfully in multiple well abandonments in the GOM for multiple operators including cut and pull of multiple casing strings. He also developed several programs to evaluate and quantify well integrity from mechanical, ultrasonic, electro-magnetic and formation compaction tools. Created interpretation packages from the raw data to complete solutions ranging customized spreadsheets to three-dimensional images.
Affiliations & Accreditation
MSc University of Wyoming - Petroleum Engineering
BA Western State College - Business Administration
Course(s) Taught for RPS
N529: Well Integrity Cement Evaluation
N539: Cased Hole Formation Evaluation for Reservoir Monitoring
Accreditation and Certification
CEU: 2.1 Continuing Education Units
PDH: 21 Professional Development Hours
Certificate: Certificate Issued Upon Completion
RPS is accredited by the International Association for Continuing Education and Training (IACET) and is authorized to issue the IACET CEU. We comply with the ANSI/IACET Standard, which is recognised internationally as a standard of excellence in instructional practices.
We issue a Certificate of Attendance which verifies the number of training hours attended. Our courses are generally accepted by most professional licensing boards/associations towards continuing education credits. Please check with your licensing board to determine if the courses and certificate of attendance meet their specific criteria.